Bio-diversity

The project aims at the restoration, preservation, reproduction of endangered biodiversity species of stone fruit and pome fruit crops, grapes, as well as plant species suitable for anchoring the soil from wind and water erosion. All of the above can be done by selecting and creating a kennel for the named plants. In the face of climate change in the North of Tajikistan with the implementation of different hybrids species and alien plant species are noticeably vanishing the local species adapted fruit plants, which are the local gene pool and are particularly valuable for improving the quality of life, food security in the rapidly growing population. High palatability of fruits, rich in sugars, vitamins, organic acids and other physiologically active substances are important to human health. Created new varieties-hybrids and GM samples are displacing local species of plants that are adapted to our climate, that grew in the region for thousands of years. The disappearance of traditional crop varieties also will have an impact on climate change and food security. Endangered local adapted species of fruit plants were pulled back by our "breeders" and adapted in our sub-continental conditions. Description of the problem and the reasons for its occurrence: Tajikistan is one of the most ancient regions of cultivation of fruit plants in Central Asia. As a result of centuries-old folk-breeding growers selected the best varieties and forms of stone fruit, pome, nut, subtropical plants and grapes, the fruits of which by sugar content and other characteristics successfully compete with the best world standards and are adapted to local climatic conditions As is known, the native species and varieties of fruit crops, prized for its taste, as they are rich in vitamins, sugars, organic acids and other biologically active substances that are important to human health, and affecting the quality of life, food security. Therefore, you must propagate local species of fruit trees, because these crops more adapted to our climate. Dried fruits have contributed to the survival of the population in extreme conditions (the Great Patriotic War of Soviet Union and the civil war). Particularly rich the selection of apricot, grape, peach, nut and subtropical crops Local varieties of dry fruit of apricot Mirsandjeli Surkh" contain 78% sugar. Local grape varieties are superior to the best world class not only on the content of sugars, but also for long term storage, i.e. long-term storage, transportability, precocity, size of berries and bunches and many other features (some disappearing late harvest grapes of local breeding can be stored until next year`s harvest). In 2012 we conducted the research in Sughd oblast (within the framework of the project "Regional research on impact of climate change on human health" in northern Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan with financial support of Act Central Asia). Based on these studies, it became clear that as a result of climate change in many areas of northern Tajikistan reduced the number of the best varieties of traditional breeding. At present, there is no any farm in northern Tajikistan has special uterine plantings of traditional breeding, fruits of which are consistent with the original standards. For this reason, there is cleavage, i.e. all positive signs peculiar to these grades are deteriorated, which leads to the full disappearance. In addition there are no special nursery-garden, which dealing with reproduction of endangered and rare species and varieties of plants. In recent years, the ecological environment is deteriorating rapidly. It s proven that climate change is a consequence of the adverse human impact on the environment. In recent years, due to the lack of heat and electricity in winter period, people began to mercilessly chop down a forest and use them as fuel. As a result of the reduction of forest areas in the mountains and the foothills the snow cover in spring time thaws quickly, and mountain streams, connecting among themselves, the very eyes turn into scary unmanaged rivers that wash away all in its path, stones and all living vegetation leaving behind a deeply eroded unsuitable land. Thus, every year forest cover in Sogd oblast especially in Ganchi district is dramatically reduced. It is therefore necessary to create nurseries-garden to multiply drought-resistant, fast-growing plant suitable for rehabilitation of eroded lands. In addition, anthropogenic impacts and climate change becomes the main causes of the disappearance of traditional cultures. Solving these problems requires special attention from the man: preserving and restoring species for the environment and for humanity as a whole. The problem of preserving species and adaptation measures to climate change is one of the main tasks of humanity, which requires big efforts to be undertaken prior to the ecological crisis. Climate change in Tajikistan shows up as debris flows, avalanches, landslides, strong winds, abnormal heat, extreme cold, and as a result there is a disappearance of local flora and fauna, glaciers, etc. Tajikistan is a mountainous country. From 143.1 million square kilometers of territory, only 7% are plains. Based on this, gardening in Tajikistan should be developed, taking into account the soil-climatic conditions of the area, i.e. micro-watersheds. More frequent droughts, devastating floods caused by overflows of glacial lakes, the erosion of hillsides, more frequent landslides will lead t

Tajikistan